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The paper describes special applications of remote sensing in permafrost delineation and snowcover mapping in the Schefferville area. The applications include sequence snowmelt photography and winter aerial photography for snowcover characterisation. False-color IR has been used in vegetation mapping and in mapping of drainage lines. Aerial photographs in both B&W and color have been used in mapping terrain factors used for snowcover and permafrost prediction. Plans are underway to experimentally assess the usefulness of multiband radar for snow depth mapping.
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A program to digitally model permafrost - microclimate - snow - terrain relationships is currently underway at Schefferville, Quebec. The modelling effort includes the development of microclimate extrapolation routines, snow-cover simulation routines and routines for relating observed ground temperatures to predicted spatial variations in surface equilibrium temperatures. The routines form part of a digital geographic information system which employs digital terrain models and weather information as part of its database.
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A new net radiometer has been developed for monitoring net radiation in the range of 0.3 to 60μm. Forty-four of these instruments were positioned on a grid extending from within a forest to an open unforested area for several periods during the winter 1985-86, near Schefferville, Quebec. A CSI CR7 data logger was used to monitor the grid at different sampling rates. Spatial and temporal variations in net radiation at a boreal forest edge are described for variable sky and weather conditions at different stages of the winter season.
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A fiber-optics probe for use in snow with a LI-Cor 1800 spectroradiometer has been developed. The probe allows measurement of the spectral attenuation of solar radiation by the seasonal snow cover. The field setup is described and results of field measurements are shown.
